Criminal market
4.96
Human Trafficking
6.61
Human Smuggling
6.22
Arms Trafficking
6.78
Flora Crimes
4.56
Fauna Crimes
5.17
Non-Renewable Resources Crimes
5.17
Heroin Trade
3.89
Cocaine Trade
2.61
Cannabis Trade
5.61
Synthetic Drugs Trade
2.94
Criminal Actors
6.06
Mafia-Style Groups
4.33
Criminal Networks
6.56
State-Embedded Actors
7.00
Foreign Actors
6.33
Political Leadership and Governance
3.67
Government Transparency and Accountability
2.61
International Cooperation
4.17
National Policies and Laws
4.56
Judicial System and Detention
3.56
Law Enforcement
3.72
Territorial Integrity
4.39
Anti-Money Laundering
4.11
Economic Regulatory Environment
3.72
Victim and Witness Support
1.78
Prevention
2.44
Non-State Actors
3.33
Indeed, six of the nine countries in the region appear in the top 20 highest-scoring countries for criminality, with Somalia and South Sudan leading the way in joint-fourth position, followed closely by Sudan, with the sixth highest criminality score in Africa. In the region, strong trends were identified in both criminal markets and criminal actors, as well as resilience. The region averages higher in terms of criminality (5.51) than the rest of the continent (4.97), with criminal markets at 4.96 (compared to Africa’s overall score of 4.68) and actors at 6.06 (where Africa averages 5.25). In line with other regions, criminal actors in East Africa drive up the overall criminality score. The most prevalent criminal markets in East Africa as a whole are for human trafficking, human smuggling and arms trafficking, each with average scores considerably higher than in the rest of Africa. While East Africa’s average criminal market score is actually lower than West Africa’s, its average criminal actor score of 6.06 is the highest of the five regions on the continent by a notable margin, driven predominantly by the influence of both criminal networks and state-embedded actors. In terms of resilience, East Africa is overall the second least resilient region (after Central Africa), with an average resilience score of 3.50, compared to the African average of 3.86. As is the case with many countries across the continent, resilience measures in this region are focused primarily on heavy security frameworks, at the expense of 'softer' response mechanisms.
Criminal market
4.50
Human Trafficking
4.00
Human Smuggling
6.00
Arms Trafficking
1.50
Flora Crimes
2.50
Fauna Crimes
4.50
Non-Renewable Resources Crimes
3.00
Heroin Trade
2.50
Cocaine Trade
6.00
Cannabis Trade
9.00
Synthetic Drugs Trade
6.00
Criminal Actors
5.25
Mafia-Style Groups
1.00
Criminal Networks
6.50
State-Embedded Actors
7.50
Foreign Actors
6.00
Political Leadership and Governance
5.50
Government Transparency and Accountability
6.00
International Cooperation
7.00
National Policies and Laws
7.00
Judicial System and Detention
7.00
Law Enforcement
7.50
Territorial Integrity
6.50
Anti-Money Laundering
6.00
Economic Regulatory Environment
5.50
Victim and Witness Support
6.00
Prevention
6.00
Non-State Actors
6.00
While a number of criminal markets in Morocco are relatively limited in scope and influence, multiple markets exert significant negative influence, including human smuggling, the cocaine trade and the synthetic drug trade, all of which score 6. Morocco is one of the most important cannabis producers in the world and a key player in the distribution of the drug across the continent and beyond. Domestic consumption levels of cannabis are high and a large number of people depend on the cannabis industry. It is clear, therefore, that the drugs markets, with the exception of heroin, are the primary drivers behind Morocco’s criminal markets score. State-embedded actors are highly influential in organised crime in Morocco, involved predominantly in corruption and the cannabis market. Similarly, criminal networks, in particular drug trafficking networks, have significant influence in Morocco. With regard to resilience to organised crime, Morocco is one of the best-performing countries on the continent, ranking 3rd overall. While no indicators are scored as highly effective, Morocco nevertheless outperforms almost all African nations, with sufficiently effective regulatory and institutional frameworks. Morocco is particularly proficient in international cooperation, and the effectiveness of the judicial system and law enforcement agencies.
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The criminal markets score is represented by the pyramid base size and the criminal actors score is represented by the pyramid height, on a scale ranging from 1 to 10. The resilience score is represented by the panel height, which can be identified by the side of the panel.
